A Grand Narrative, is one generalized theory, or history, which can define all of known existence. Until the advent of

Science, Religion, has generally been the inceptor, and the guardian of the Grand Narrative. Each Religion is possessed of

its own, individual Grand Narrative, as differing from the Grand Narrative of other religions. With the advent, and dominion

of western Science, Religious Grand Narratives have been refuted and a scientific Grand Narrative, one based on hypothesis

and observation has been established in contrast to the Grand Narratives of the religions.

Yet a Grand Narrative is one theory that explains all things, and if a Grand Narrative can be refuted at any point, it is

not a Grand, or total, Narrative. Western Religion cannot account for many of the findings of Science, and science has yet to

account for many things within the dominion of Religion and faith. Thus the Scientific Grand Narrative is refuted by the

unexplained existence of Religion, and the Religious Grand Narratives have been refuted on many points by the Scientific

Grand Narrative. Thus they are both not Grand Narratives, but meta-narratives.

A meta-narrative is a theory which purports Grand Narration, but fails to do so. This disjunction of Science and

Religion, two primary vehicles for the inception and maintenance of meta-narratives, has lead to the development of a new

Grand Narrative, the non-existence of the Grand Narrative. Jean-Francois Lyotard claims, " Simplifying to the extreme, I

define postmodern as incredulity at meta-narratives." This belief can be generalized as postmodernism.

This Grand Narrative is, seemingly, a logical fallacy. If a Grand Narrative is Logically fallacious, then it would not be

truly a Grand Narrative, for a Grand Narrative is in no way fallacious. It is one theory, or narrative which defines all

things. If it fails in anyway, it is a meta-narrative, which in essence is one unified narrative which purports to explain

all phenomenon, but fails to do so. It is along the lines of Logic that the Grand Narrative will be achieved. Individuals

utilize logic everyday, in their normal lives, without being aware of it. Though, by becoming aware of the nature of Logic

allows one to realize the full range of activity to which Logic is available for use.

Etymology is the study of the origin of words, and can also be used as a term for the history of a specific word. Logic

comes from the Greek word "Logos," which means , variably, "Word" , "Reason" , "Speech" , "Discourse" and "Principle" .

Words can be divided into their connotation; their implied meaning, and denotation; or their dictionary definition. Logic,

by definition, means, "the science of the principles of reasoning," as Merriam Webster would denote. Albeit, Logic can,

connotatively, mean a variety of things, from a specific style of thought, to a formal argument.

Since Logic, thus, is the Science of the principles of reasoning, what then qualifies as Reason? In the English language,

reason is connoted a variety of definitions, but the connotation which most fits the current situation is as follows, " the

power of comprehending, inferring, or thinking especially in orderly ways." The word Reason, comes originally from the

French, " Raison" , meaning the same thing as the English transliteration. Both come from the Latin, "Ratio" , meaning "To

think" or "To calculate."

So thus Logic is the Science, or study, of the principles of thinking, or reason. Aristotle, is the first individual, in

the western philosophical tradition, to organize the laws of Reasoning. These three Laws are what is known as the formal Laws

of Identity, Non-contradiction, and the Excluded Middle. The Law of Identity states that, what is A is A. The Law of

Non-contradiction states that, what is A cannot be not-A. The Law of the Excluded Middle states that everything is either A

or not-A.

What that means to the common man is simple to explain. An Apple is an Apple. An Apple is a fruit that generally has a

red skin, is round, is sweet , and comes from a tree. So most things that have a red skin, are round, are sweet, and come

from trees are apples. If something doesn't look like an Apple but comes from a tree, it is Not-An-Apple. That Not-An-Apple

could be an Orange or a Pear. So thus the law of Non-contradiction states that an Apple is not an Orange or a Pear, and

cannot be anything else but an Apple.

The third Law requires a bit more involvement to explain. If one has a fruit basket, filled with Oranges, Apples, and

Pears, the above laws will apply. If one looks at an Apple, it is like any other Apple in the basket, that is the Law of

Identity. The Apple is not a Pear or Orange, that is the Law of Non-contradiction. Everything in this fruit basket can either

be classified as Apples, and Not-An-Apple, i.e. Pears and Oranges. This last example is the Law of the Excluded Middle.

This fruit basket metaphor can be applied in a Cosmic sense. In Cosmos, there are Apples. Apples are Apples, this is the

Law of Identity. Apples are not identical to anything else, i.e. such as Pears, Oranges, Cars, or People. This is the Law of

Non-Contradiction. If the entire Cosmos is looked at critically everything can be sorted into two categories, Apples, and

everything that isn't an Apple. This is the Law of the Excluded Middle.

It is in this way that the postmodernist Grand Narrative is Logically fallacious. A Grand Narrative is A. That which

isn't a Grand Narrative is not-A. If one theory applies to all things, it is a Grand Narrative. The statement, "No Grand

Narrative is true, " is one theory that applies to all things, thus it is a Grand Narrative. The postmodern Grand Narrative

decrees that all is Not-A, or the Grand Narrative does not exist. By making such a statement, it exists as A. So the nature

of A is to be not-A. Aristotle's Law of Identity states that "A is A" . Aristotle's Law of Noncontradiction states that "A is

not-A" . If A is not-A, then there is no difference between A and not-A, in this particular instance. Aristotle's Laws of

Identity, what is A is A, and Noncontradiction, A is not not-A, then are broken. The post-modern Grand Narrative is Logically

fallacious.

With the above three Laws, Aristotle established the foundation upon which later philosophers would build on. Empiricism

is a philosophical school which regards all knowledge having derived from sensory experience, and dates back to the ancient

Greeks. Empiricism is the school of viewing thought as a product of experience. As this would follow, if thought is subject

to experience, Logic, being the science of the principles of thought, also is a product of experience. Due to the fact that

empirical knowledge is subject to the human senses, many empiricists have sought issue with the general imperfection of the

senses. Other empiricists have brought up the subjectivity of the incorporation of such sensory information into knowledge.

Knowledge is the Psychic process that is produced when sensory experience occurs.

Logic, then, deals with knowledge, and knowledge, is the process of having an understanding of, or discerning an

Object. Reason is the process of thinking, and since all thought deals with Objects, and Logic is the process of dealing with

Objects, Reason is the use of Logic. Many have clashed over the nature of knowledge, and how an individual comes to know

something. Epistemology is the branch of philosophy which deals with the nature of knowledge. John Locke devised a system of

Epistemology which is generally recognized

John Locke was an empiricist who lived in the 17th century. He defined the method of perception of objects as the

perception of traits, or qualities. Locke divided these qualities into two categories; primary, and secondary. Primary

qualities are those qualities which are present in the object viewed, such as shape, number, and number. Secondary qualities

are those qualities which are wholly dependent on the viewer, such as scent, taste, and sound.

Locke thus treats knowledge as a combination of information acquired as primary and secondary qualities of perception.

The treatment of objects as a whole of a variety of traits is known as regarding the objects as phenomena. A phenomenon is an

object or entity which is known through the senses. A phenomenon is the image, or entity, that the senses perceive.

Treating Objects as phenomena is problematic, due to the fact that the perspective from which the phenomenon is viewed

creates the existence of the phenomenon. An Object is any entity which, as a phenomenon appears to exist in a permanent

manner. Permanence is a quality wholly relative to the perceiver. If, from moment to moment, the phenomenon viewed seems to

seems to maintain that same traits as first percieved, the phenomenon perceived is categorized as an Object. An Object is

treated as an object as long as it exists in a permanent or semi-permanent sense. All of existence, can presumably be divided

into two categories, those phenomenon that are Objects, and those phenomenon that are Actions. An Action is any phenomenon

that is not fixed in its traits from moment to moment.

Traditionally, Fire is construed as an Action, and an Apple is held to be an Object. A Fire is in a constant state of

action; burning, and is in no way permanent. An Apple is relatively fixed, and does not change radically from moment to

moment, like Fire. An Apple is an Apple, and will not cease to be an Apple in a moment or so, thus since it remains fixed in

its form as an Apple, it is an Object.

Dealing with Objects then is the method by which Locke's categories can be applied. A phenomenon is recognized as an

Object by the recognition of the traits of the phenomenon. Such as, if what is being perceived is red, relatively round, and

hanging on a tree, it is probably an Apple. A series of other examinations may be made to validate that perception. The

phenomenon then is treated as an Object if its traits remain the same on a perceivably consistent basis. If its traits change

rapidly, the phenomenon is then regarded as an Action.

Time and perception, though are relative on the human scale. To human perception an explosion, and a tree may seem like

two separate phenomena, the former an Action, the latter and Object. That perception, is justified to itself, but is flawed.

An explosion is a series of changes which happen at an accelerated rate. Since the rate of change occurs at, to human

perception, a rapid rate, the phenomenon is not fixed, so it is an Action. In truth, the tree is no different.

A tree, is not simply a tree, but once an acorn, which then progressed onto being a sapling, then onto a tree, and

eventually a dead log. The rate of this change though, occurs at a markedly decelerated rate to that of the explosion. The

rate of change is so slow, that from moment to moment, even day to day, the traits of the tree change in an imperceivable

manner. So the tree is regarded as an Object.

Both the tree and the explosion are a conglomeration of traits, which change at differentiated rates. Mountains, even,

which are regarded as Objects, are simply a conglomeration of traits which change at a rate even less than that of the tree.

Thus taken in comparison to the rate of change of a mountain, a traits that constitute what is regarded as the tree occur at

an accelerated rate. This accelerated rate, from the reference of the rate of change of a mountain, is enough to regard the

tree as not an Object, but an Action.

This same understanding applies to all things, even to the most miniscule. At the cellular level, change may occur

rapidly. Thus a chemical in a cell may change its traits in such an accelerated manner as to be regarded as an Action. For

one to understand the Action of the chemical change, it must be treated as if it where an Object, a certain perspective of

the chemical must be isolated as fixed in it traits to be recognized.

Due, then, to the relativity of human experience, the understanding of the perception of phenomenon must be altered. All

phenomenon, even those regarded as Actions, can be isolated, and regard as Objects. A fire can be reduced to the atoms

reacting within it bounds. A ray of sunlight can be reduced to photons. Manlquote s faculties of recall allows him to

isolate moments, and treat those moments as Objects.

In truth, all of Cosmos is in an eternal state of change. Cosmos exists in a state of Action, Objects do not truly exist.

Human perception creates the phenomena of Actions as Objects.

Reason is the power of comprehending, inferring, or thinking especially in orderly ways, and this definition can be used

to redefine Logic. Order is "Arrangement" , or "Placement" . If Reason is the power of thinking in orderly ways, what then

does Reason order, or arrange?

The mind deals with phenomena as Objects. If a phenomenon is already an Object, then thus it is left alone, for it can be

known in its nature as a fixed Object. If a phenomenon is an Action, it is isolated into a series of moment, and since that

moment doesn't change, the Action has been made an Object, into a series of moments with fixed traits, i.e. a momentary

Object.. The mind cannot operate in terms of Actions, if an Action is something that is unfixed in its traits, it cannot be

place in an order or arrangement, and consistently would change its placement. Thus, it is not dealt with as such.

This placement of phenomenon in terms of forms is, most truly, Logic. "Word" , is one purported definition of "Logos" ,

and "Word" is related to the Hittite term, "Weriya" , meaning "Name" . In order for something to have a name it must so be

given a name consciously. To be dealt with in the conscious mind, a phenomenon must be dealt with not as an Action, but as an

Object. As it would follow, Logic then is the process by which the mind deals with the perceived world. This process; Logic,

maintains the world as a series of Objects.

This is the basis of all mathematics, and is why math is, generally, regarded as "self evident" . If something is

self-evident, the perception is the only verification necessary for acceptable cognition to occur. Mathematics deals with a

language of faceless Objects; numbers. Abstract number and shapes are a manifestation of Man's capacity for logic.

Mathematics, then, can be made evident, or its traits known wholly in the Psyche. Self-evidence is coming to know the traits

of an Object within the bounds of the Psyche. Since Mathematics is the process of dealing with abstract Objects, one needs

only to perceive of a Mathematic equation, and be able to identify its Objects, in order to come to know the Object

presented. Mathematic equations can be known totally within the bounds of the Psyche, or Self, and so are self-evident.

When something is "made evident" , it is known by Reason. "Evidence" comes from the Latin word "Videre" , meaning to

view. So if something is viewed, its traits are perceived. In terms of phenomena, traits can only be viewed by means of

sensory experience, thus only sensory experience can make physical phenomena evident. Mathematics deals with phenomena that

are not known by the senses, but by Reason. These phenomena are not physical, so cannot be made evident through the senses.

Such phenomena are made evident where they exist, wholly within the Psyche. Since the Psyche is the residence of Reason,

Mathematic phenomena occur where they can immediately be perceived by direct Reason. No senses then are neccesary for

Mathematic phenomena to be made evident. Numbers are logical, they are, in their nature, abstract Objects, thus in their very

nature they are logical. They very qualities of Mathematic phenomena make themselves readily evident to Reason. The Self of

the number then is what makes it evident, i.e. self-evidence.

To deal with the Aristotle's Laws of Logic, algebra is used. Algebra is a branch of arithmetic which deals with the

substitution of letters for numbers which follow certain algebraic laws. Algebra is most efficacious when dealing with what

is known as "variables" , which are unknown numbers that can be replaced with letters. Various algebraic Laws are then

utilized to compute those same variables.

Cosmos is an entity consisting of various traits. Various traits of these become organized into different conglomerates

of traits. These conglomerates of traits are, always changing, all at different rates from each other. To the human

perspective certain of these conglomerates of traits, such as Fire or Explosions, appear to occur at a such a rapid rate as

to not have any permanent or fixed traits. These conglomerates are regarded as Actions. Other conglomerates change their

traits at a reduced rate, such as Trees or Apples. These conglomerates of traits appear to have permanent or fixed traits;

these are Objects.

Objects though do not exist, all of Cosmos is in a constant dynamic state, which means that all phenomenon are, in truth,

Actions, and nothing is fixed in their traits. Together, all of these unfixed conglomerations of traits are part of a larger

Action. That larger action is Cosmos. Man is a process unto himself, and Cosmos, thus also an Action.

A phenomena is treated as an Object when the perceived traits appear identical from moment to moment. Perception of time

is relative to the human experience, and when an object appears to be possessed of similar traits on a permanent basis, this

is a fallacious observation. The traits of a phenomena are produced by a variety of systematic Actions, within the larger

system of the phenomena observed. Once these Actions in these phenomenal sub-systems changes, the traits of the phenomena

change.

If an Action is defined as any phenomena which does not maintain a fixed set of traits, then all things are Actions. To

the human perspective, certain phenomena appear to maintain a fixed set of traits, and these phenomena are what is termed,

Objects. In truth, such phenomena do not maintain a fixed set of traits, but the traits maintained are products of

systematic, and sub-systematic Actions. Every perceived Object, then, is truly a complex assortment of Actions, and, by

relation a larger Action as a whole.

Man perceives of the universe in terms of Objects, for only Objects can be ordered Rationally, Actions do not have a

fixed nature. Sensory perception can only bring things into knowledge that have traits which can be sensed. If these traits

can be sensed, and then accorded to a phenomenon, a step toward knowledge is taken. In order for something to be known, its

traits must be discerned. An Action may not wholly be known, but a may be reduced to a series of moments. This atomization of

an Action to a series of moments allows one to deal with the Action as fixed, and since that moment is isolated it is

eternally fixed, and that moment transforms that Action to an Object, in that moment. When an Action is dealt with as an

isolated moment, it becomes an Object, and its traits may be sensed. Thus in order for sensory experience to occur, a

phenomenon must either be perceivable as an Object, or if an Action, will be broken down into a series of moments which can

be known as Objects.

Logic is the language of Man's mental existence, as Manlquote s mental existence as an existence based on the knowledge

of Objects. Mathematics, then, is the universal language of Man, as it is a language of Objects. It is with mathematics, and

algebra, that the Grand Narrative may be discovered.

Up until the twentieth century astronomers held that a celestial body, known as nebula, existed. In the telescope, the

nebulae appeared as oddly shaped clouds, which astronomers regarded as unformed clouds of matter, left at the edge of the

universe since Creation. At the time, astronomers thought that the Milky Way was the entire universe.

In the 1920's two men, Edwin Hubble and Milton Humason, developed what is known as Hubble's Law. The two men established

that these nebulae weren't clouds of unformed matter left over since creation, but other galaxies. The two men discovered

that these other galaxies where rapidly moving away from the Milky Way galaxy.

It was from this radical discovery that the Big Bang theory developed. If, as Hubble believed, all of these galaxies were

moving away from the Milky Way, than that means at one point, 10 to 20 billion years ago, all of these galaxies where at a

central point, from which they are currently moving away from. This time is calculated by use of Hubble's Law.

The most evident quality of Hubble's Big Bang theory, involves implications from what is known as general systems theory.

A system is anything be regarded. The Big Bang is the initial point from which Cosmos began to expand into all the variant

galaxies to which it exists as today. The whole system that is Cosmos consists of all the matter which proceeded from that

initial point. A closed system is any system which allows nothing and nothing out of itself. Cosmos is such a closed system,

nothing goes in or out of Cosmos.

Since Cosmos is a closed system, all that existed at its initial point, the genesis point of the Big Bang, is all the

matter that will ever exist. The amount of matter in the universe is limited by the amount of matter which existed initially.

Matter is anything that occupies space, as this follows, anything that proceeded from the Big Bang is matter, as at one point

it occupied space.

The perspective from which a phenomenon is viewed creates the perceived existence of Objects. A system is any specific

phenomenon under inspection. The perspective taken then, thus creates the appearance of the system.

Science, is most primarily, the most reliable method by which Man can use his mental facilities to come to an

understanding of the world. This understanding is the observation, description, identification and explanation of phenomena.

The only means of observing phenomena is via the senses. The only means of describing phenomena is by identifying their

traits. To identify the traits of a phenomena it must either already appear to be an Object with fixed traits, or if the

phenomena be an Action, it must be reduced to a series of Objects with fixed traits. If Logic is the process of Man's dealing

with the world in terms of Objects, then Science is formalized process of the perception of Objects to be brought to

understanding. Science then is the institutionalization of Logic.

If science deals with the traits of phenomena, then Science is the process of the observation and explanation of systems.

Anything can be a system, even smaller parts of systems. A tree branch may be observed as a phenomenon, and thus a system.

The system of the tree branch is part of a larger system, the entire tree. Here is where the problem with the use of Science

in regards systems.

Science, by many, has been described as reductionist, or atomist. Reductionism, is to reduce a phenomenon, or system, to

its base traits. The system is then quantified as a sum of these traits. Complexity science is a direct refutation of this

claim.

Complexity science deals with the philosophical concept of the Gestalt. Gestalt in German means " Form" or

"Configuration" . Individuals that argue for the Gestalt, claim that a system is more than just a sum of its traits, and

cannot simply be quantified as a some of observed traits. In the 20th century the practice of regarding a system as more than

simply a sum of its parts has been known as either Chaos theory, or Complexity science.

Chaos theory is a school of thought dealing with the observation of phenomenon that resists description of traits. Such

systems include weather and population growth. Such phenomena change so randomly, as to be termed Chaotic. Complexity science

is the application of Chaos theory. Chaotic systems, are simply systems which involve too many Actions at the same time to be

observed at Man's current level of technology. This inability to observe all the Actions within Chaotic systems is followed

by the inability to reduce these Actions to a series of fixed momentary Objects. Hence the system as a whole is irreducible

to fixed Objects.. If they cannot be reduced to a series of Objects, such Actions cannot be described or dealt with

Logically. This is the essence of Chaos theory, systems that seem to deride logical thought.

A proof in Science is nothing less than an individual meta-narrative. Science has codified a series of Laws that operate

in identical ways, on a consistent basis. Science defines Laws on basis of their repetition, a scientific law is regarded as

true if it occurs in the same way over and over again. This nature of repetition means that the Action which is the

scientific Law can be reduced to a series of fixed moments, once these fixed moments are ascertained, the Action may be

quantified into a series of fixed momentary Objects, which can then have their traits be described. This description of

traits is knowledge, or knowing.

Chaotic systems involve so many Actions, as for many Actions to be undetectable. If an Action is undetectable, it is

impossible to reduce it to a series of Objects, and if it cannot be so reduced it cannot be described. If these two actions

cannot occur, the Action may not be known. All systems are composed of a variety of Actions, Chaotic systems are simply those

systems which contain Actions that are unidentifiable.

If an Action cannot be reduced to a series of Objects, it cannot be predicted. Scientific prediction is the placement of

a series of Objects inline with known scientific laws. Chaotic systems deride prediction since their Actions are

undetectable, once the various Actions of a Chaotic system are identified, they cease to be Chaotic. Chaotic systems then

become predictable systems, based on the series of Objects the Chaotic system has been reduced to.

In reality, Chaotic systems have always existed, and in truth, at one time or another, all things where Chaotic systems.

Chaotic systems are, theoretically, those systems which deride prediction. At one point the human body was a Chaotic system,

it involved so many Actions as to deride prediction by doctors. Even trees were once Chaotic systems, gardeners did not have

the proper tool to observe the various Actions which conglomerated to form what the gardener knew as the Object of the

tree.

Complexity science deals with the application of Chaos theory, especially in regards to Chaotic systems. Complexity

science deals with the most central problem to the prediction of phenomenon, the problem of Algorithms. An Algorithm, in

mathematics, is a step by step, problem solving procedure. In regards to Chaotic systems, an Algorithm is pure Action. The

Action that is an Algorithm, is any specific process which requires components and produces a product. An Algorithm is a

reliable process, which occurs in the same manner repeatedly. It is by means of Algorithms that Scientific prediction can

occur. Algorithms are those Actions, which when treated as Objects, narrate various processes.

Hubble's law is an example of such an Algorithm. Addition, as well, is such an Algorithm. Certain Algorithms require

certain Components, such as Natural Selection, or Addition, in order to be used as a basis for prediction. Addition requires

abstract Objects, treated as numbers to compute, or predict a Product. An Algorithm, as an Action will always produce a

Product, such as Addition. As long as two, or more, numbers are used, the Algorithm of Addition can occur.

Two plus two will always equal four. Three and seven will always equal ten. These two Algorithms will occur on a regular

basis, for the rest of time. Natural selection is such an Algorithm. As long as one has the correct components, i.e.

organisms, Natural Selection will always occur. Unless Natural Selection is interrupted by another Algorithm which occurs.

Natural selection is an Algorithm in that it requires specific components in a specific amount to occur. Natural Selection

cannot act on a brick of gold., and natural selection can not act, only on one duck. Natural selection requires a quantity of

organisms occur.

As certain Algorithms require certain components, certain Algorithms may not be discovered until its components are

discovered or formed, such as Natural Selection. Life has only been on Earth for 3 billion years, and if Cosmos has been

around for 10 to 20 billion years, that is but a fraction of the time of Cosmos' existence. Which means that for 7 or more

billion years, the Algorithm of Natural Selection went inactivated. Theore-tically, then, certain other Algorithms can exist,

their components have, simply, not yet arisen.

The term "arisen" is misleading, and the author offers the Doctrine of Complexity as a justification. In order to deal

with phenomena, Science must deal with them as systems. Each system, however, is not a closed system, as that would

constitute a universe unto itself. If there did exist such a closed system, it would give rise to a larger perception of the

Cosmic model, but as such a system has not been perceived yet, that topic will be here set aside. Each system is part of a

larger system, and each of those larger systems are part of an even larger system. Eventually, such growth of perspective

will arrive upon Cosmos as a whole. If one theory can qualify, and apply to Cosmos as a whole, then that would be the Grand

Narrative. This Grand Narrative is comprised of the one Algorithm which governs, or narrates, all other Algorithms within the

systems of Cosmos. This Grand Narrative is the Calculus of Reducing Complexity,

An entity is known if its traits are made evident, and are classified into two categories Objects and Actions .If a

phenomenon is readily perceivable as an object it is dealt with as such, but if perceived as an Action, is reduced to a

series of fixed Objects, governed by a single Algorithm, which can be made evident and thus known. An Algorithm is the

possible path that a series of Actions reduced to Objects may take. When a series of Objects is organized into a different

conglomeration, this is a wholly different Algorithm. If an Algorithm is the possible categoricization of an Action reduced

to a series of Objects, Algorithms allow for the future to be predicted, in relation to the Action reduced to a series of

Objects. Dealing with Actions as Objects allows one to place Objects in relation to each other. Certain Objects can only

occur with certain prerequisites. For Actions reduced to Objects, these prerequisites are the momentary Objects which preside

the one known. The organization of these Objects in a reliable way, as to be totally known is the Algorithm.

. A calculus is, "a method of calculation or computation in a special notation as of a logic or symbolic logic" . All

things percieved, can eventually, with the correct level of perception be reduced to a series of Objects, governed by an

Algorithm or Algorithms. Mathematics is the use of Man's own capacity for Logic to deal with Objects, and calculation is the

allocation of a quantity of Objects to a singular abstract Object, i.e. a number. Therefore, with the correct level of

perception, all phenomenon, even Chaotic systems, may be reduced to a series of Objects. Prediction is the calculation of

these series of Objects in terms of the Algorithms which govern them. Theoretically, if one knows the Grand Narrative, the

one Algorithm which governs all Algorithms, one could predict Cosmos, as a series of Objects governed by that one Algorithm,

the Grand Narrative. This Grand Narrative is the Calculus of Reducing Complexity.

The Calculus of Reducing Complexity is two series of Laws, The Principle of Complex Systems Theory, and the Principles of

Reducing Complexity.

The Principle of Complex Systems Theory:

1. Any system with more than one Algorithm involved in the system is Complex..

The Principles of Reducing Complexity:

1. An Algorithm may never produce more Products than Components involved in the Algorithm.

2. A system may only exist indefinitely if the Components necessary for it to support itself are not outnumber the amount of

Components involved in the system.

If the Big Bang theory is true, as it has proven to be, there is a limited amount of Matter in Cosmos. The Complexity of

Cosmos will eventually terminate, due to the limitation of base Matter, this theory can be best expounded as follows:

-In System R, there exists 8 of Component M, and Algorithms A, B, and C.

-Algorithm A can only use Component M as its Components and requires two M per process.

-Algorithm B cannot use component M as one of its components, but can use component N, and requires two of Component N per

process.

-Algorithm C cannot use Components N or M, but can use Component O as its Components, and requires two of Component O per

process.

-This system occurs as follows:

M(A)M=N
N(B)N=O
O(C)O= f1fs32 Wf2fs40

f0fs24 M(A)M=N
N(B)N=O

M(A)M=N

M(A)M=N

It is in the Calculus of Reducing Complexity that Emergence can be seen. Emergence is the principle of Complexity theory

that deals with the Gestalt. In complex systems, certain qualities are found which cannot be understood as qualities which

are produced as a sum of the whole. Take the ant for instance. Ants are biologically, and physically very simple organisms.

They have a very simple nervous system and muscle structure, covered by a thin exoskeleton. By simply understanding the

physiology and anatomy of the ant, a scientist cannot predict an ants social behavior. Nothing about an ants physiology and

anatomy can allow one to predict that ants will for into colonies, or that certain ants keep algae farms in their hives, or

make cattle of aphids. These qualities are known as Emergent qualities.

Emergence is when a trait occurs in a system that cannot be understood as a product of its traits, or the Components of

the system viewed.. The social behavior of ants is such an Emergent Qualities. The same applies to Man. If one understand the

physiology and anatomy of Homo sapiens sapiens, one cannot predict Man's propensity towards Religion or Science. This

Emergence is evidential of such Algorithms as Algorithms B, C.

In the system of Cosmos, certain Algorithms existed, or have existed, that where in no way put into use until their

components arose. Algorithms such as the social behavior of ants and Man. Component N is an Emergent quality of Algorithm A.

For demonstrational purposes, allow Algorithm A to be Gravitation, and Component N to be base Matter, protons, neutrons and

electrons.

If the system occured recently, Gravitation would have brought the various components of M to be united into molecules.

The type of molecule is not specified, some might be gold, some might be carbon, others might be hydrogen. A parallel can be

found in the Algorithm of Addition. Algorithms are casual, simply a product of their causes, and have no design for their

Components. To the Algorithm of Addition, since it has no Reason, the product doesn't matter, though a product is definitely

produced. Thus in 4+7=11 and 3+9=12, the 11 and 12 are irrelevant. The same holds true for Algorithm A, or the Algorithm of

Gravitation. The type of Product molecule is irrelevant, although a Product will always be produced.

Eventually, having gone through a certain number of processes, a new, invariably, unique, arrangement of molecules will

occur. This is Product N. This Emergent quality is available as a component in a wholly new Algorithm to which Component M

cannot be used. This Is Algorithm B, and for this purpose, Algorithm B is Natural Selection. Natural Selection cannot act

upon inorganic molecules, such as gold or carbon, but eventually the correct organization of molecules is brought about by

the Algorithm of Gravitation, this Component is a protein, or nucleic acid.

Evolutionists have identified Proteins and Nucleic acids as the most primitive and base of organic life, and in most

likelihood, the original organic particles. So in the primordial ooze of life on Earth, 3.5 Billion years ago, the correct

conglomeration of inorganic molecules, Component M, became organized into a Protein, Component N. Now in terms of Complexity,

a protein is more Complex than an inorganic molecule, as it is a system that, within itself, maintains more Algorithms that

the system which constitutes the molecule.

Eventually, these Component N, will go through the correct processes of Algorithm B, to produce Component O. Component O

is different from Components M and N in that Components O is available as a Component for Algorithm C, which Components M and

N are not. This means that Component O is more complex than Component N, and by proxy Component M, due to the fact that

within the system of Component O, more Algorithms are active than in the systems which compromise Components M and N. Here is

where digression is necessary, in order to explain a wholly novel Algorithm; Algorithm C.

Though, not to digress, the upward progress of Complexity towards greater Complexity is pyramidal. Component O can only

exits with the correct arrangement of Component M. Four Component M is then, most correctly arranged to produce two Component

N. These two Component N are then later configured for the correct level of Complexity to have been reached to allow

Component O to exist. So Component O is only novel, in regards to system R, in terms of is form of organization; its

Complexity.

Man can be seen as Component O, and Algorithm C is Man's capacity for logic, and Man's ability to deal with the Cosmos as

a series of Objects governed by a variety of Algorithms. Yet this capacity had to have arisen by means of Natural Selection,

or it is a quality which denies the Grand Narration of the Calculus of Reducing Complexity. In reality, logic in no way

invalidates the Calculus, but verifies it in a way that can only be seen as self evident.

In every human being there is an internal world, which exists independent of the physical world, this world is known as

the Psyche. The Psyche is the world of the Ego, or the "I" , where Sentience, or self-consciousness, resides. In regards to

the Calculus, all things in Cosmos are cultivated into systems by a series of Algorithms. Each system exists as a product of

these Algorithms. Certain Algorithms can only use certain Components. At times Algorithms will, unknowingly, construct such a

system, as to be used in novel, inactive Algorithms. This availability as a component in a novel algorithm is known as

Emergence. In order for Psyche to be understood, it must be understood as a product of the Calculus, and an Emergent quality

in itself.

Natural Selection is an Algorithm which acts upon what is known as organic systems, causing the most fit, or efficient

ones to survive, and those that are unfit to die out. Various Algorithms can make a system more fit, such as symbionticism,

environment change, and genetic mutation. Man is an organism, thus Man is available as a Component in the Algorithm of

Natural Selection. Thus all of his features must have been crafted by Natural Selection. So it is with Psyche.

Not all organic qualities are specific products of the fitness evaluation of Natural Selection. Those qualities that are

traits which occured by symbionticism, environment change, or genetic mutation that cause man to be more fit are known as

adaptations. Certain qualities are byproducts of Natural Selection, such as the color of hair or eyes, and qualities which

serve not immediate benefit to fitness. These qualities are known as exaptations.

Exaptations are qualities that may later become adaptations, making an organism more fit. Man's capacity for Logic is

such a product of an exaptation. Man's increased brain mass is a product of his increased body mass in his humanoid

ancestors. This increased brain mass was an exaptation, but was later transformed into an adaptation. The larger capacity of

the brain allowed for a more complex neural network. This more complex neural network was an exaptation, but allowed for the

adaptation known as the God-complex to occur.

At some point within the history of Man, an adaptation had to occur which made man more fit than the other humanoid

races. This adaptation was the God-complex and is the root of all that Man now knows, and is.

The word "God" comes from the Germanic word "Gott" , meaning "Supernatural creature" or "Deity" . The term did not

always apply to the Judeo-Christian deity, as it now unanimously does. A complex is a group of unconscious actions,

thoughts, or memories which exert authority upon the conscious mind. The God-complex is a complex comprised of two

Imperatives, Teleos and Dharma Imperatives. These Two Imperatives form the root of the God-complex, and define all human

action. "Teleos" comes from Greek, and means "End" , while "Dharma" comes from Sanskrit, and means, variably, "Custom" ,

"Law" , and "Tradition" .

Self-Consciousness is found in understanding the Teleos Imperative. All individuals do what they do to make themselves

Happy. If something didn't make them Happy they wouldn't choose to do it. Happiness here is defined as the most positive

sensation. The Teleos Imperative is the complex which takes various experiences and formulates that which would make the

individual most Happy. This is why the concept of Happiness is a universal human commonality, but what actually makes people

happy differs from person to person. For this to occur, the Ego was developed.

Happiness is built with two pillars, morality and goals. All individuals have a morality, a code of conduct by which they

deal with others, no matter how lax or strict it may be. If an individual transgresses against this moral code, they feel

guilty. Thus Happiness is one part following one's morality, as to not feel guilty. This instinct to define a code of conduct

by which one deals with others is the Dharma Imperative.

The second pillar of Happiness is goals. All individuals work to achieve ends. These ends are visualized as bringing the

individual more Happiness than already possessed. If such an end doesn't bring an individual more Happiness then currently

possessed the individual would not work to achieve those ends. If no other end is available for the individual except for the

undesirable, depression sets in. If the individual is not working for a goal, then they feel useless, and unappreciated. An

individual cannot feel Happy and useless at the same time. This principle of Happiness is the basis for the Teleos

Imperative.

In order for the individual to perceive of something the Ego must exist. The Ego is the point of view in the Psyche from

which identity is acknowledged. It is in the Ego that self consciousness lies. There are two forms of consciousness in the

Psyche, consciousness and self-consciousness. Consciousness is the train of though in the mind, and the stream of incoming

sensory information. Self-consciousness is the stream of consciousness which is targeted at consciousness of the world. This

secondary consciousness is self-consciousness, or consciousness aware of itself. Therefore, if consciousness is sensory

awareness of the world, self consciousness is sensory awareness of being sensory aware of the world; consciousness. This

consciousness of consciousness, self-consciousness is a Psychic sense, this sense is what causes Objects to be made evident

within the mind; Reason.

This secondary consciousness, Self-consciousness is a necessity for desire to occur, and desire is the essence of the

Teleos Imperative. Self-consciousness is sentience, or self-awareness. This sentience allows Man to differentiate himself

from something else. In order to have seen and desired an Apple, Adam would have had to recognize that Adam existed, and He

was not the Apple He was seeing, so the Apple was different than Adam. This ability to differentiate between Adam and the

Apple, is a product of this second consciousness, Sentience. Sentience is the use of Reason to know sensory consciousness. As

Sentience is targeted inward, Adam could be aware of Himself, and that Apple he was seeing was something that was not apart

of Himself.

The concept of Self is central to Sentience. Without this secondary consciousness, the self-consciousness, the Self could

not be perceived. This ability to perceive both Self and the phenomenon is what sentience is. This secondary consciousness,

the self-consciousness is the root of logic. Logic is the ability to deal with phenomena as Objects, in order to first deal

with phenomena as Objects in the Psyche, the first consciousness, must first be treated as an Object, in reference to the

secondary consciousness, self consciousness. This ability to deal with the first consciousness as an Object, allows for the

various phenomena perceived, when in the bounds of the first consciousness be treated as Objects, in contrast to sensory

consciousness treated as an Object by Sentience. This is what constitutes the Ego. However, how would this all make more

fit?

Both psychologists and philosophers have argued on the nature of thought for centuries, and there are two schools of

philosophy on the subject; Causality and Teleology. Causality is most prominent in Freudian psychology, and it states that

the mind is determined by the experiences enacted upon it, and defines happiness in terms of past experience. Teleology

defines Man as thinking in terms of goals, that Man makes his decisions, and acts, on basis of the goals man is working for.

Man is equal parts casual and teleological, and the Calculus proscribes Gestalt Mechanism as the means by which both

occur.

Gestalt Mechanism defines Man as possessing an eternal end, at which Happiness is placed. This eternal end is defined by

the Teleos Imperative. Experiences that act on the individual define how they place happiness in their lives. Gestalt

Mechanism then defines that they will eternally work for that happiness, and once a specific happiness is achieved, it is

either reinvented or a crisis occurs, Take for example the "mid-life crisis" .

The average American develops a series of goals as they grow up. For the average male in the "baby-boom" generation,

these goals included marrying a wife, having children, buying a house, and holding a steady job. The individual perceives

these goals as Happiness, yet once they achieve these goals, they feel lost and useless. These individuals attempt to

reinvent themselves, and when this occurs, radically, this is known as the "mid-life crisis." . In reality Happiness was not

the goals the individual attempted to achieve, but working for those goals, and being moral.

Religion is an unconscious socio-cultural mechanism for dealing with this God-complex in the most efficient manner

possible. A Religion is an specific social system which possesses a body of ritual, a dogma which is either written or spoke,

a morality, and an eschatology. These systems are the institutionalization of the God-complex, and allow for its most

efficacious fulfillment.

Eschatology is the theological study of the end of the world, but to understand this end-point, one has to understand the

timeline leading up to it. So then, an eschatology can be seen as a timeline of the universe, in which the individual

faithful places themselves. It is from the dogma of a religion that the morality and the eschatology arise, and each conforms

to one of the two Imperatives.

In nature, an individual would be left to deal with the world on their own, and from the experiences they would have they

would define their morality, via their Dharma Imperative, and their goals, via their Teleos Imperative. These two achieve the

realization of goals and morality by acting on the Ego, and self-consciousness. Religion offers the individual total

fulfillment. The individual does not have to wait for experience to define their goals, their religious eschatology provides

that for them.

Happiness, in regards to the God-complex, is working for goals, and being moral, and once those goals are achieved,

Happiness isn't achieved. The individuals goals are reinvented to a further point in the future for them to work for. If

Happiness isn't really achieving goals, but working for them, Religion offers total fulfillment of the search for Happiness.

What qualifies a Religion as a Religion is placement of Happiness on the eschatological timeline.

This placement of Happiness is placed post mortem, after death. In Christianity and Islam, true Happiness can only be

achieved with God in Paradise, and the only way to get to Paradise is to die. In Buddhism and Hinduism true happiness is

moksha, release from the cycle of reincarnation. The only time one can be released from the cycle of reincarnation is between

lives, after death. Confucianism places happiness as reunion with the ancestors, and Judaism places happiness in the

Messianic era yet to come. Religious Daoism, generally, places happiness as immortality, which can only be achieved after

death. Religion offers goals that can never truly be achieved in this life.

The point of interest in this is the placement of Happiness. Individuals are only truly Happy when working towards a

goal, and Religion gives the individual a goal one can never achieve. Thus Religion brings the individual perpetual happiness

in working all their life for a goal they can never achieve, since, in reality, the working for the goals is what truly makes

the individual Happy.

Human Society serves a similar end. Society is the interaction of various individuals to achieve goals. If no one desired

anything there would be no reason to interact, work, or relate to one another. Thus human Society is also a product of the

God-complex.

Atheism, too, is a fallacy. God, in terms of the God-complex, is any system which fulfills the God-complex. For animists

this is nature and their tribal society, for Daoists it is the great Dao, and for Judeo-Christians that fulfillment is found

in God. Belief is adherence to such a system without understanding how it works, without knowing the system. An atheist is in

truth not an atheist. Every human being has a God-complex, different things fulfill these God-complexes, for some it is

religion, and for some it is Society.

Most individual societies provide all that is necessary for the God-complex to be fulfilled, a system of ritual in the

form of national holidays, a dogma, and a morality. The eschatology has generally been fulfilled by Religion, but with the

advent of science, eschatologies, which differ from Religious ones, have risen to prominence. This joining of science or

Religion with the rituals, dogma, and morality of the state is known as statism. Statism is where the state serves as the

fulfillment of the individual's God-complex, not Religion. For certain individuals their statism is conjoined with a

scientific eschatology, and these individuals then claim them to be atheists, because they do not adhere to the traditional

concept what a Deity is. For the atheist, and any other, if the state, or Society, fulfills their God-complex, and its two

Imperatives, the state has become their God.

The western concept of Deity is not necessary for a Religion to exist though. Certain Daoist, Buddhist, and Hindu sects

in no way subscribe to the concept of a Deity. This does not mean that they are nonreligious, it simply means that their

eschatology does not allow for a Deity. The concept of Deity is superfluous and not necessary for a Religion to perpetrate

itself.

For many Americans the place of the Religious eschatology in statism has been supplanted by the scientific eschatology.

The scientific eschatology begins with the Big Bang, and then progresses to man, and will eventually end with Heat Death and

the implosion of the Universe. Thus the Americo-Scientific statism fulfills the individual's God-complex; it provides them

with a morality and goals to work for. The above statism does not offer post-mortem goals though, and thus leads to much

conflict and dissatisfaction in the believer.

After having digressed quite a bit, how then does the God-complex make Man more fit? It provides him with desire, and

desire leads man to dominate. Though the God-complex gave Man sentience, it gave Man sentience for the specific purpose of

desire. Desire would drive Man to work for goals, and spread his species, by conquering. This conquering lead to Man

dominating all species, and it made him primarily fit.

Man's full range of Logical thought, though, was an exaptation, a byproduct of Natural Selection fashioning the

God-complex. Man's sentience was fashioned by Natural Selection so that he could become aware of Himself and the Object,

which he would desire. This ability to deal with Objects, Logic, allowed Man also to deal with Desire as an Object, and is

what here is being done. The Algorithm of Logic then is an exaptation of Evolution, but with Man's Sentience allow him to

utilize to its fullest potential.

As one can see be the repetition of the Calculus of Reducing Complexity, the system eventually terminates into the

singularity known as "Omega"

M(A)M=Ntab N(A)N=Otab O(C)O=f1fs32 W

f0fs24 M(A)M=Ntab N(B)N=O

M(A)M=N

M(A)M=N

This principle is known as Reducing Complexity. Due to the fact that the base matter for the system is limited, there is

a limit to the complexity to which the system can organize itself. The Principles of Reducing Complexity are what define this

action.

The Principles of Reducing Complexity:

1. An Algorithm may never produce more Products than Components involved in the Algorithm.

2. A system may only exist indefinitely if the Components necessary for it to support itself are not outnumber the amount of

Components involved in the system.

The first law states that there never be more of a Product than Components involved in the Algorithm. Thus there may

never be more of a Product than Components involved. Each Algorithm has the potential to produce a Product of a higher level

of Complexity; i.e. a Product, which is available, is a Component in a novel Algorithm. This means the potential of a system

is limited by the initial amount of Components.

In a system with a limited amount of Components, the level of Complexity will eventually reach a limit. This limit is

defined as the point where all algorithms are involved in the support and maintenance of the final Component. Therefore, the

Cosmos will, eventually, be one total system, comprised of an orderly set of systems, which consist of a hierarchy of

Complexity supporting the Omega point. The Omega Point is the point beyond which there are not enough components in the

system to be used in further Algorithms, thus Evolution, the upward conglomeration of Complexity is capsulated into a

singularity. This is Evolution.

Evolution is, "The progress of organisms to move towards greater levels of complexity and organization." Complexity is

organization, the more Complexity in a system, the more organized it is. Evolution, then, is the movement of systems towards

greater Complexity. All systems move towards greater Complexity, even inorganic ones. This means that all systems Evolve.

Evolution, also, is the action of Reducing Complexity. Reducing Complexity is the process of a closed system moving towards

greater Complexity. If the system is closed, then there is a limit to the amount of matter in that system. Since there is a

limit to the amount of matter in such a closed system, the Complexity of a system is limited in amount, this is Reducing

Complexity. Since Evolution is the process of rising towards greater Complexity, and Complexity, in closed systems, is

limited, so is Evolution.

Evolution is the process of systems bringing into themselves greater numbers of Algorithms. If there is a limit to the

amount of matter available for Algorithmic Components, the amount of Algorithms within a system is limited by the amount of

base matter in the system. Since Evolution is the process of systems to bring themselves to greater levels of Complexity by

incorporating within themselves an increasing number of Algorithms, Evolution will eventually terminate in closed systems.

This termination will occur because there is no more Components to be involved in Algorithms, because Evolution will have

incorporated all the available Algorithms into one system. This singularity, this system of Total Complexity is the Omega

Point.

Cosmos is what the Ancient Stoic philosophers used as a term for the Universe. "Cosmos" is Greek for "Order" . It is

this term that is used to describe the system that is the entire Universe, Cosmos. Evolution is the process of systems to

contain within themselves an increasing level of Algorithms. As it follows, if Evolution is the process of systems to bring

within themselves greater numbers of Algorithms, then Evolution is the process of systems bringing themselves to higher

states of Complexity.

Hence, the Calculus of Reducing Complexity is the Algorithm of Evolution. Evolution then is the process by which

Algorithms brings Cosmos to greater order as more Algorithms are brought into relation with each other. Cosmos is not

comprised of Objects with fixed traits, but various interdependent Actions, which to the human eye appear as either Objects

or Actions. The Algorithm of Evolution, or the Calculus of Reducing Complexity, is the process of these Algorithms being

brought together to form Components for other Algorithms.

The Algorithm of Evolution Forms a Pyramid of Actions, then. The height to which this pyramid can be built is limited by

the amount of building materials, base matter. Once the pyramid is built, using all the various building materials, no more

construction can occur. This completion of the pyramid is Omega Point, the conclusion of Complexity.

Along these lines, Evolution is a continuous occurrence, always at work. If "Order" by definition is "Placement" or

"Arrangement" , then Evolution places Cosmos in more and more order every moment. Evolution arranges various Actions to reach

to higher levels of Complexity, this placement of Actions, then, is Cosmos being brought to greater "Order" .

Chaos does not exist, though the phenomenon of Chaos may. Chaos is disorder, and something that is impossible to

understand or predict. Cosmos is a place of order, from base matter all the way up to Man. Evolution has structured it as so.

In order for Chaos to exist, structure cannot, unless Chaos occurs in a structured way. If Chaos occurs in a structured

manner then, it is not Chaos, or disorder, but an orderly occurrence, which is predictable.

Chaos theory is simply the application of a variable to certain systems, which to the current ability to perceive are

impossible to predict. This is caused by the unawareness of the various Actions, which constitute the Chaotic system. Once

these Actions can all be discerned, they may be reduced to a series of fixed Objects, and thus predicted.

The current scientific eschatology maintains that Cosmos will eventually terminate in Heat Death. This Heat Death will

occur due to loss of heat through energy transactions along the lines of Einstein's theory of Mass-Energy ratios. The study

of the science of energy transfers is thermodynamics, and it is from thermodynamics that the concept of Heat Death arises.

Here are two general Laws of Thermodynamics, and they are as follows:

The Laws of Thermodynamics:

1. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be converted from one to the other.

2. It is impossible to take head from a source and change all of it to energy; some heat must be wasted.

Thermodynamics conjoined with the Big Bang theory brought about the Heat Death theory. Theoretically, if there is a

limited amount of matter in the universe, and matter cannot be created or destroyed, but may convert from matter to energy,

and when matter is converted from matter to energy some energy is lost as heat, then the universe will eventually run out of

energy. This reducing principle is similar to the Principles of Reducing Complexity, but produced the polar opposite of

Complexity, Entropy.

Entropy is the measurement of disorder in a system, and in terms of Entropy, the second Law of Thermodynamics states that

"The Entropy of a system can never decrease." Entro